Growth vs Development

Essay Category: 2.1 | Last updated: 2026-06-04

PYQs Asked

Poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere. -2018
Digital economy: A leveller or a source of economic inequality. -2016
Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare. -2016
Near jobless growth in India: An anomaly or an outcome of economic reforms. -2016
Crisis faced in India – moral or economic. -2015
Was it the policy paralysis or the paralysis of implementation which slowed the growth? -2014
GDP along with GDH (Gross Domestic Happiness) would be the right indices for judging the wellbeing of a country. -2013
Can capitalism bring inclusive growth? -2015
Economic growth without distributive justice is bound to breed violence. -1993

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IIP April 2026 (new base 2022-23): 4.9% growth — but capital goods surged 16% while consumer non-durables grew only 2.8%. Classic jobless/lopsided growth story — public capex drives industrial output while household consumption lags. (The Hindu, 04-06-2026)
Startup India 10-year review (2016–2025): Startups grew 25× to 2.5 lakh; Tier 3 towns now account for 71% of new startups (up from 15% in 2016) — shows geographic democratisation of entrepreneurship. But only 30% are funded — quantity vs quality of growth. Women founders growing at 20% CAGR vs 14% for men. (The Hindu, 04-06-2026)
Digital economy as leveller: Startup India's Tier 3 boom directly illustrates the 2016 essay topic "Digital economy: A leveller or a source of economic inequality" — evidence for the leveller side, but the 70% unfunded rate is evidence of persisting inequality.

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